Citing Information

Citation and Referencing abbreviations

ed., eds.

Editor or editors
Tobach, E. and Rosoff, B., Eds., Challenging Racism and Sexism: alternatives to genetic explanations, New York, The Feminist Press, 1994."
(Tobach and Rosoff are the editors of this book which contains chapters by different authors.)

edn., edns.

Edition or editions
Jones, Indiana, The Last Crusade to the Temple of Doom, Hollywood, 2nd edn., 1987
(The second edition of the book.)

et al

and others
Footnote: Jones, et al
(Jones and other authors)

ibid

the same
Footnote: Ibid, p. 63
(the same author and book as the immediately preceding reference, but now page 63)

op cit

work cited
Footnote: Op cit
(an earlier citation)

p., pp.

Page or page numbers
Footnote: Smith, op. cit. pp.73-89.
(an earlier citation but now pages 73 to 89)

rev.

Revised
Jones, Indiana, The Last Crusade to the Temple of Doom, Hollywood, rev. ed., 1994
(the revised edition of the book, to be distinguished from an earlier edition)

f., ff.

Following
Footnote: Jones, op. cit./ p. 66ff.
(an earlier citation but now Page 66 and subsequent pages, the precise number of which is not stated.)

inf.

Below

ms., mss.

Manuscript
(ms is singular, mss is plural.)

n., nn.

Notes
(n is singular, nn is plural.)

passim

Here and there or throughout
Footnote: Jones, passim.
(Used when a topic is discussed throughout the work, so that there is no point in giving individual page references)